May I have your attention... please
by  Gillian Ridgeway
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This article was published in the June 2007 issue of Dogs In Canada.

TEACH YOUR DOG TO FOCUS AND HE'LL LEARN SOME SELF-CONTROL

What is it about humans that makes us send our dogs off to run amok with their friends at dog parks, then expect them to be focused on us at other times? "Focus" is becoming a buzzword in dog training, and so it should be. It's nearly impossible to teach a dog anything new, or even give directions in words the dog already understands, if it refuses to even look at you.

Teaching your dog to focus. is well worth the effort. Of course, there's a time and place for our dogs to socialize with their buddies, but that time and place should be under our control.

Not looking at something is a lot to expect from a dog. What we're seeking is attenŽtion to us in general, not a military-type non-blinking stare. We're looking for voluntary attention, not obedience to a "watclf' command. Your dog must understand that he should be focused on you, regardless of whether you pay attention to him. The okay to play is given only when you have your dog's attention. What better reward for your dog?

INSTILLING SELF-CONTROL

In the grand scheme of things, does it matter if your dog pays attention to you? Focus and attention are important exercises, not only because it's much easier to communicate to a dog that's engaged, but a focused dog is less likely to have issues later in life. Think about it. If your dog learns to pay attention, he learns self-control. Self-control exercises can teach your dog that he will not get what he wants unless he pulls himself together.

Teaching voluntary attention is quite simple, but takes patience. First, get a four-foot leash, hold onto the handle with your hand near your belly button and stand still. If you have a large dog, brace yourself so you can't be pulled forward. This is to anchor your dog. Once you have your anchor in place, the waiting game begins. Wait, then wait some more.

If your dog glances your way, mark the behaviour. You can use the word "yes" paired with a treat, or click and treat. Do not coax or speak to him. By waiting, you'll be teaching him that he's on his own to show you attention, and he'll get his reward only by doing so. Remember that the more a behaviour is rewarded, the more likely it is to occur. You might wait a long time for the first few glances, but eventually your dog will be in the game.

Soon you can wait for more than a glance -- you can wait for him to look into your eyes. Again, waiting it out is the key. Remember to reward frequently at this stage. Once he understands that he gets the reward for looking up, you will have him hooked. Of course, we don't want a dog that sits and stares at us. Our goal is a dog that occasionally looks our way to see if anything is happening. To do this, start to treat only on occasion, as a surprise. This should turn the stare into glancing, unless you share your home with a Border Collie, in which case you likely don't need focus work.

ADDING DISTRACTIONS

As your dog becomes more proficient at the attention work, you can start to add distractions. Food and toys on the floor are a good start. Mark attention to you while your dog is stationary, then progress to walking past the distractions.

Your dog should be allowed to look at the item, or even look at other dogs in the vicinity, but know enough to refocus back to you. Having your dog stare into your eyes while other dogs are present may cause stress and even escalate other issues. Imagine if you were told to not look at a tiger in the room. You wouldn't know what it was doing or where it was. Wouldn't it make more sense for you to look at the tiger, see that it's sleeping on the other side of the room, then look away? Not looking at something is a lot to expect from a dog. What we are seeking is attention to us in general, not a militaryŽtype non-blinking stare.

It's also important to proactively manage your dog's environment. This means avoiding behaviours before they start. If you know your dog reacts to other dogs and you want his attention, don't put him in a group of dogs initially. The more you put him into situations he'll react to, the better he'll become at reacting (lunging and barking). Start slow and build up. Use distance .as your friend. Don't make it impossible for your dog to succeed.

Once your dog is consistently walking past items of value on the floor, you can introduce "Leave it." This command will enable you to help your dog direct his focus from the item back to you. Again, start slowly. Do this in your home first, with controlled items; after that is mastered, you can venture outside, where the distractions will escalate.

Another important thing to note is that the absence of misbehaviour deserves a reward. This means you need to improve your own focus work. You must be tuned into your dog, and reward him promptly when he's not lunging, or when he's sitting nicely and ignoring the cookie that was dropped from the high chair. It's easy to jump all over our dogs for misbehaviour; we're less inclined to catch the moment of being good. Let's improve our own goals in that area, not just assume "he knows it" and will continue to be attentive.

Education requires hundreds of repetitions of the desired behaviour, not just a few times doing it correctly. Consider this the next time you try to learn a new skill. Look at the time it takes you and the instruction you needed (and our dogs don't speak English), then look at what we expect from our dogs. When you think of it .... they are amazing!

The next time you want your dog to enjoy a romp with some well-chosen canine friends, or if he's itching to get out into the backyard, consider waiting for his attention before you unsnap the leash or open the door. Once he gets the hang of it, this reward will be well worthwhile.

The director of Who's Walking Who (Toronto and Ajax), and co-author of the book Citizen Canine, Gillian Ridgeway has been working with family dogs for over 34 years.